> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://private-7c7dfe99-fix-nav-issues.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

> lead window function のドキュメント

# lead

順序付けされたフレーム内で、現在の行から `offset` 行後の行で評価された値を返します。
この関数は [`leadInFrame`](/ja/reference/functions/window-functions/leadInFrame) に似ていますが、常に `ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING` フレームを使用します。

**構文**

```sql theme={null}
lead(x[, offset[, default]])
  OVER ([[PARTITION BY grouping_column] [ORDER BY sorting_column]] | [window_name])
FROM table_name
WINDOW window_name as ([[PARTITION BY grouping_column] [ORDER BY sorting_column])
```

ウィンドウ関数の構文の詳細については、[Window Functions - Syntax](/ja/reference/functions/window-functions#syntax) を参照してください。

**パラメータ**

* `x` — カラム名。
* `offset` — 適用するオフセット。[(U)Int\*](/ja/reference/data-types/int-uint)。 (省略可能。デフォルトは `1`) 。
* `default` — 計算対象の行がウィンドウフレームの境界を超えた場合に返す値。 (省略可能。未指定時はカラム型のデフォルト値) 。

**戻り値**

* 順序付けされたフレーム内で、現在の行から `offset` 行後の行で評価された値。

**例**

この例では、ノーベル賞受賞者の[過去データ](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/sazidthe1/nobel-prize-data)を参照し、`lead` 関数を使用して物理学部門の連続する受賞者の一覧を返します。

```sql title="Query" theme={null}
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW nobel_prize_laureates
AS SELECT *
FROM file('nobel_laureates_data.csv');
```

```sql title="Query" theme={null}
SELECT
    fullName,
    lead(year, 1, year) OVER (PARTITION BY category ORDER BY year ASC
      ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
    ) AS year,
    category,
    motivation
FROM nobel_prize_laureates
WHERE category = 'physics'
ORDER BY year DESC
LIMIT 9
```

```response title="Query" theme={null}
   ┌─fullName─────────┬─year─┬─category─┬─motivation─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
1. │ Anne L Huillier  │ 2023 │ physics  │ for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter                     │
2. │ Pierre Agostini  │ 2023 │ physics  │ for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter                     │
3. │ Ferenc Krausz    │ 2023 │ physics  │ for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter                     │
4. │ Alain Aspect     │ 2022 │ physics  │ for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and  pioneering quantum information science │
5. │ Anton Zeilinger  │ 2022 │ physics  │ for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and  pioneering quantum information science │
6. │ John Clauser     │ 2022 │ physics  │ for experiments with entangled photons establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and  pioneering quantum information science │
7. │ Giorgio Parisi   │ 2021 │ physics  │ for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales                │
8. │ Klaus Hasselmann │ 2021 │ physics  │ for the physical modelling of Earths climate quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming                        │
9. │ Syukuro Manabe   │ 2021 │ physics  │ for the physical modelling of Earths climate quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming                        │
   └──────────────────┴──────┴──────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```